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Sadhana Pandey Tiwari ¹, D. R. Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 Municipal Arts & Urban Bank Science College, Department of Chemistry, Mehsana, Gujarat-384002, India

Abstract

This paper deals with removal of finely dispersed oil from oily-effluents of different fields of North Gujarat, India by Electroflotation method. Experiments were carried in electrolytic cell equipped with a set of perforated aluminium electrodes&variable DC voltage using batchwise process. The parameters investigated are voltage, salinity, pH, oil concentration and flotation time. The batch experiment has been conducted to optimize electrical input&its duration in the effluent. The optimum conditions for all the three fields studied are 5.0 V voltage, 0.4 to 0.9 A current and 40 min flotation time, the corresponding energy consumption is in the range of 0.44 to 0.59 kWh/m³. Also on decreasing the pH to 4.54, the percentage oil removal decreases and on increasing the pH to 9.54, the percentage oil removal increases. The oil removal is 90.7% at 4.54 pH and 97.9% at 9.5 pH in 40 min flotation time for 145mg/l of initial oil concentration. It is observed that, as the salinity increases the amount of oil removal decreases and the period of treatment and power consumption increases.

Keywords

Oil-in-water Emulsion, Effluent , Oily Effluent Treatment, Electroflotation, Oil Removal

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D. R. Patel ¹, M. S. Purohit ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Field screening of 12 genotypes of sorghum against armyworm during Rabi 2006-07 and 2007-08 showed that Nizer goti was found less susceptible to armyworm.Among different plant characters, plant height and number of internodes exhibited significant negative influence on army worm population (r=-0.288, -0.393).

Keywords

Sorghum, Army Worm,mythimna Separata, Genotypes, Physical Plant Character, Susceptible

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D. R. Patel ¹, M. S. Purohit ²

Affiliations
1 College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Bharuch Gujarat
2 College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Bharuch Gujarat, IN

Abstract

The incidence of Mythimna separata on Rabi sorghum was noticed from fourth week of November and remained up to second week of January, ranged between 0.04 to 0.15 larvae per plant. Maximum larval population was recorded during first week of December (0.15 larvae/plant). The correlation studies revealed that abiotic factor did not influence on army worm population on sorghum during Rabi season.

Keywords

Sorghum, Armyworm, Mythimna Sepatata, Correlation

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D. R. Patel ¹, M. S. Purohit ²

Affiliations
1 Polytechnic in Agriculture, (N.A.U.), Maktampur, Bharuch Gujarat, IN
2 Department of Entomology, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navasari Agricultural University, Navasari Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Field screening of 12 genotypes of sorghum against major insect pest during Rabi 2006-07 and 2007-08 showed that among 12 genotypes Nizergoti was found less susceptible to shoot fly, Among different plant characters, the length of leaves exhibited significant positive (r=0.272) and number of leaves was found to be significant and negative (r=-0.255) influence on incidence of shoot fly (r=-0.255).

Keywords

Sorghum, Shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, Genotypes, Physical plant characters, Susceptible

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H. J. Kapadiya ¹, D. M Pathak ², D. R. Patel ²

Affiliations
1 College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Amereli Gujarat, IN
2 College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Bharuch Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Experiment was conducted to determine effect of artificial injuries and fresh neck cutting to onion bulb on incidence of black mould disease. Onion bulbs were artificially injured at different sites viz., top, side, bottom, scattered and fresh neck cutting. Injured and un injured onion bulbs were inoculated with spore suspension (1x106 /ml) of Aspergillus niger. Without dipping in conidial suspension were served as check. The selected bulbs were packed in sterilized polythene bags and stored at room temperature for 21 days. Maximum black mould disease intensity (38.86 %) and weight loss (5.44 %) was recorded in the fresh neck cutting followed by top, scattered, middle and bottom injuries. The check treatment recorded minimum black mould (10.81 %) intensity and weight loss (2.66 %).

Keywords

Onion Artificial Injuries, Neck Cutting, Aspergillus Niger, Black Mould, Post Harvest

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D. R. Patel , M. S. Purohit ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navasari Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Studies on population dynamics of Melanaphis sacchari infesting sorghum was made during 2007-08 and 2008-09 in Kharif season at Agricultural Research Station, N.A.U., Tanchha, district Bharuch. The incidence of pest began from fourth week of August and continued upto first week of November with a peak activity in first week of November. The abiotic factors, minimum and average temperature, morning, evening and average relative humidity, rainy days and wind velocity had significant negative association, while sunshine hours had significant positive association with Melanaphis sacchari on Kharif sorghum.

Keywords

Sorghum, Aphid,melanaphis Sacchari Correlation, Weather Parameters

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G. R. Bhanderi ¹, G. G. Radadiya ¹, D. R. Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, N.m. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari (gujarat), IN

Abstract

Research study on the screening of sorghum genotypes against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) on stored sorghum was carried out during the year 2007-08 and 2008-09 at the Main Sorghum Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Surat, Gujarat state. The results of study on per cent grain damage and weight loss of grains treated with various plant products revealed that the least grain damage and weight loss were found in grains treated with kaolinite clay 10 per cent and bentonite clay 10 per cent against S. oryzae on sorghum.

Keywords

Efficacy, Sitophilus Oryzae, Sorghum

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G. R. Bhanderi ¹, G. G. Radadia ¹, D. R. Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari(Gujarat), IN

Abstract

Research study on the efficacy of various edible and non-edible oils against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) on stored sorghum was carried out during the year 2007-08 and 2008-09 at the Main Sorghum Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Surat, Gujarat state. The results of study on per cent grain damage and weight loss of grains treated with various edible and non-edible oil revealed that the least grain damage and weight loss were found in grains treated with groundnut oil 5 ml/kg of seed and mustard oil 5 ml/kg of seed against S. oryzae on sorghum.

Keywords

Sorghum, Sitophilus oryzae.

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Manish P. Patel ¹, M. M. Patel ², K. N. Patel ³, D. R. Patel ⁴, U. L. Patel ³

Affiliations
1 Arihant School of Pharmacy and BRI, Adalaj-382421, S. G. Highway, Ghandhinagar, Gujarat, IN
2 Kalol Institute of Pharmacy, Kalol, Gujarat, IN
3 Arihant School of Pharmacy and Bioresearch Institute, Ghandhinagar, Gujarat, IN
4 Shri B. M. Shah College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modasa, IN

Abstract

The floating microspheres have been utilized to obtain prolonged and uniform release in the stomach for development of a once daily formulation. The major advantage of the preparation technique includes short processing time, the lack of exposure of the ingredients to high temperature and high encapsulation efficiencies. The aim of present investigation was to prepare and evaluate gastroretentive floating microspheres of verapamil hydrochloride that would retain the drug in stomach and continuously release the drug in controlled manner. Floating microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation technique. In the present investigation three polymers were used in various concentrations; Methocel K4M, Methocel K15M and Methocel K100M. In vitro performance was evaluated by the usual pharmacopoeial and other tests such as particle size analysis, drug entrapment efficiency, flow properties, in vitro floatability studies, in vivo floatability studies in dog, in vitro drug release studies, stability studies etc. Results showed that the mixing ratio of components in the organic phase affected the size distribution, yield, drug content, floating time and drug release of microspheres. In vitro drug release studies were performed for all the prepared formulations. Rank order for percentage cumulative drug release was found to be Methocel K4M > Methocel K15M > Methocel K100M. In most cases good in vitro floating behavior was observed and a variety of drug release pattern could be achieved by variation of the drug, polymer and solvent ratio. The developed floating microspheres of Verapamil hydrochloride may be used for prolonged drug release in stomach for more than 8 h.

Keywords

Floating Microspheres, Verapamil Hydrochloride, In Vitro Release, Methocel.

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P. H. PATEL ¹, D. B. SISODIYA ², B. L. RAGHUNANDAN ³, N. B. PATEL ³, D. R. PATEL ¹, K. M. CHAVADA ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, N. M. College of Agriculture, NAU, Navsari – 396450, Gujarat, India ., IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, BA College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand – 388110, Gujarat, India ., IN
3 AICRP on Biological Control of Crop Pests, Anand Agricultural University, Anand – 388110, Gujarat, India ., IN

Abstract

Field surveys were conducted during kharif, 2019 and rabi, 2019-20 to document the fall armyworm (FAW) incidence and damage in maize fields of Anand district of Gujarat. The highest pest incidence and damage was recorded in maize fields of Khambhat taluka of Anand district during the study, while the lowest pest incidence and damage was recorded in Tarapur taluka. During kharif season, the highest pest incidence and damage was recorded in August month and during rabi season, the highest incidence of FAW and its damage in various maize fields was observed in November. It was noticed that the pest incidence was high in kharif season compared to rabi season. The significant differences were noticed with regard to FAW larval population and plant damage levels between the two seasons of the study. During the survey, the natural enemies of FAW viz., Chelonus sp., Coccinellids, Forficula sp., Eocanthecona sp., Cosmolestes sp., Spider (Oxyopes sp.) and Geocoris sp. were recorded. Similarly, Bacillus thuringiensis, Metarhizium (Nomuraea) rileyi and Nucleo Ployhedrosis Virus (NPV) infected FAW larvae were also noticed.

Keywords

Fall armyworm, Gujarat, natural enemies, Spodoptera frugiperda .

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